Material, energy and information are the three basic elements that constitute nature. Energy refers to resources that can provide energy, including thermal energy, electrical energy, light energy, mechanical energy and chemical energy.
Energy is the eternal theme of the development of human society and civilization, and it is also the main driving force for the progress of human society. However, the process of human development and utilization of energy has brought about large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions and significant environmental pollution problems.
The UK is the first Western country to achieve carbon peak. In 2008, the UK promulgated the Climate Change Act, the world's first law establishing a net-zero emissions target, and issued the world's first carbon neutrality regulations. On the one hand, it takes clean growth as the core of modern industrial strategy and reduces carbon consumption by restricting the development of high-carbon-emitting industries; on the other hand, it introduces a series of preferential tax policies to guide enterprises to develop low-carbon production technologies and cultivate citizens' low-carbon awareness.
In 2019, the UK promulgated the revised Climate Change Act, formally establishing the goal of achieving "net-zero emissions" of greenhouse gases in 2050, clarifying the climate governance roadmap, and establishing a citizen-based credit carbon emissions account.
However, wind power and solar power generation themselves are intermittent and uncertain. The large-scale access to a high proportion of renewable energy will inevitably have a greater impact on the power grid. The system inertia will continue to decrease, and the difficulty of power balance will further increase. Therefore, The demand for energy storage systems has increased dramatically.
In power generation, energy storage systems can effectively reduce the phenomenon of wind and light abandonment in wind power and solar power generation, smooth out fluctuations, and significantly improve the consumption level and power generation income of wind, light and other renewable energy sources.
In the power grid, energy storage systems can provide support for the stable operation of the power grid through peak shaving, frequency modulation, auxiliary services, and improving power quality. It can also encourage the realization of renewable energy storage quotas through leasing, which not only increases the income of energy storage power stations, but also reduces the initial investment pressure and operation and maintenance costs of new energy stations.
On the user side, the energy battery storage system can save a lot of electricity costs for large industrial and commercial users through peak and valley arbitrage. At the same time, it can further reduce the pressure on the power grid at the power load end and ensure the safety and stability of regional power supply. Large-capacity distributed user-side energy storage systems can also accept unified dispatching from the power grid through technologies such as blockchain and virtual power plants, providing more support services for power grid stability.
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